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Race elizabethin Papua New Guinea resident; nominate race in Northern Territory also resident or partial migrant, and likely that some of that population move N to Sermata and Aru Is after breeding, although this needs confirmation. E Australian population incinctus is a partial breeding migrant S of Tropic of Capricorn, some birds arriving in S Queensland in Sept-Oct and leaving Mar-Apr, but some remaining all year; in N Queensland present all year, supplemented in autumn and spring by passage birds, and wintering may be more common in lowlands. Clear passage in Cape York Peninsula and islands in Torres Strait, but extent varies from year to year; non-breeding migrants found in S Moluccan archipelago of Kai and Tanimbar, and from R Mimka in Irian Jaya through S Papua New Guinea to New Britain, and rarely, New Ireland and Solomon Is (Kolombangara); possibly migrates in family units, since groups of 6 seen in SE New Guinea. Possibly also some local seasonal movements; recorded as vagrant in E Victoria.   (del Hoyo J, Elliott A, Sargatal J (eds), 2001)

• digitised by GROMS, after del Hoyo J A Elliott; J Sargatal (eds) (2001) - www.hbw.com,
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  (A digitised version of this map is published in GIS shape format on the GROMS CD).