Species fact sheet by Global Register of Migratory Species - www.groms.de

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A breeding summer visitor to Russia, China and Japan in Apr-Sept, wintering S to Malaysia, N Sulawesi and Moluccas, and probably Greater Sundas; birds breeding in Australia in Sept-Mar migrate N to New Guinea, New Britain, Witu and Kai Is, Lesser Sundas and S Sulawesi; migrants probably widespread in N Malanesia, as suggested by records (subspecies unknown) outside regular breeding range, on islands of Manus and Rennell; breeding populations at lower latitudes apparently resident. Adults migrate soon after young fledge, and young follow later; migrants travel by day, but also sometimes by night (e.g. over Malaysian highlands), and often pass in impressive numbers; in many localities throughout its vast range, species is known mainly as a passage migrant, usually of considerable regularity and visibility. In Queensland a migrant was struck by an aeroplane at 2600 m, and in Irian Jaya carcasses have been found in a glacier at 4500m.   (del Hoyo J, Elliott A, Sargatal J (eds), 2001)

• digitised by GROMS, after del Hoyo J A Elliott; J Sargatal (eds) (2001) - www.hbw.com,
• Copyright: GROMS/BfN - www.groms.de
  
  (A digitised version of this map is published in GIS shape format on the GROMS CD).